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  • Broadband differential attenuator with variable transfer factor

    A method of expanding the bandwidth and improve the performance of the differential voltage divider – attenuator (AT), which have parasitic capacitance on the outputs C01, C02. Wide range of transmission of the AT provided by introducing a compensation circuit C01, C02, which is achieving data quality indicators. Simulation results of desired are shown.

    Keywords: a resistive voltage divider, differential attenuator, the parasitic сapacitance load, speed, upper frequency limit, analog-to-digital converters.

  • Method of improving the performance of digital output stages of gates and differential drivers lines with high capacitive load

    This paper present method of speed increasing differential and no differential driver (output stage transistor logic, emitter and source followers, the circuit of feedback amplifiers, etc.). Сonsiders conditions of correcting circuits design, which compensates the effect of the parasitic capacitance to its range of operating frequencies and the settling time of the transition process.

    Keywords: drivers, emitter and source followers, operational amplifier, correcting circuit, performance, upper frequency limit, rise time transient, stability.

  • Experimental research of silicon detector current pulse processing electronic module

    Measurement results of basic characteristics of electronic module based on two specialized analog integrated circuits depending on different square area silicon detectors using source of 239Pu alpha particles is given. Processing of current pulses typically consists to convert them into a voltage by charge sensitive amplifiers and reduce noise by bandpass filters. Earlier for work with avalanche photodiode we have developed, constructed and tested two electronic modules "CRP-MDL-1" and "CRP-MDL-2". During the measurements was investigated spectrometric channel response on exposure to ionizing radiation from a source of alpha particles 239Pu and test input signals, thus we determined basic technical characteristics including energy resolution and noise characteristics. As a result, research found, that the output signal has the following timings: rise time - 1 us (levels of 0.1-0.9), peak time - 1.4 us, fall time - 1.8 us pulse width - 3.5 us. The conversion factor of module working with silicon detector (area of ​​1000 mm2 and a capacity 500 pF) consists about 10.6 mV / fC, or 0.47 V / MeV. Integral nonlinearity of spectrometer path is not worse 0.4% in the range from about 0.1 to 3.2 V. The energy resolution was 89.1 keV line of 5157 keV. The experimental studies revealed that using an external low-noise transistors developed module can be used in the construction of standard radiometric paths. It is appropriate to use the developed design-circuit solutions for implementing 4-channel chip for multi-channel radiometric and spectrometric systems.

    Keywords: silicon detector, charge sensitive amplifier, spectrometer, radiometric system, ionizing radiation

  • Micropower selective amplifier in basis in radiation-hard process technology ABMK_1_3

    Classical implementation of active selective amplifiers (SA) are usually associated with design sophisticated active elements (operational amplifiers) that consume relatively large power from their universality. This paper present the active SA based on an analog array chip ABMK_1_3, that have high level of radiation resistance to the flow of neutrons and accumulated dose of radiation. This SA implemented on the basis of a voltage-to-current converter with a minimum number of transistors and low consumption static current. Efficient use of current amplifier can be explained by use frequency dependent symmetric chains in a feedback loop. This property provides the independence of the pole frequency f0 = fp on the gain of the active element, as well as maximizing the quality factor.
    The basic analytical expressions that establish the relationships between the SA and the characteristics of active and passive components are given. The relations that help minimize sensitivity of parameters SA to instability properties of the components are considered. Simulation results of desired SA are shown.  

    Keywords: selective amplifier, bandpass filter, active RC-filter, analog array chip, radiation hardness

  • Multichannel OpAmp and JFET follower IC on radiation hardened array

    The features of circuit engineering and results of chip computer simulation which consists of 4-channel operational amplifier (op amp) and 2-channel electrometric voltage follower, designed for pre-processing of sensors signals in high-energy physics are considered. 
    The characteristic properties of designed op amp are the absence of current source in the input differential stage and the use of parallel high-frequency channel for increasing of the bandwidth and slew rate.
    The results of experimental research that have confirmed the low sensitivity of the parameters of designed integrated circuits created on the field programmable gate array "FGPA-1.3" without the horizontal p-n-p transistors to the influence of gamma-irradiation and electrons with energy of 4 MeV are given.  

    Keywords: operational amplifier, field programmable gate array, voltage follower, sensor, sensing element, radiation resistance.

  • Methods of measurement of small inductors for radio systems on a chip

    Technique for measurement of inductances (L) about 1 nanohenry or less one, is discussed. Two measurements of inductance L are executed. First one is executed for stub length l0, another - for stub length, shortened into N times. Formula for calculation of unknown inductance’ error has been obtained, where determination of unknown L with error closed to meter error has been succeeded by choice of parameters. It is shown that required measurement’s error of initial stub length for N=2 and N=5 is in tens micrometers’ range. Techniques for error’s diminishing have been considered. Estimation for basic stub length of 6,6 mm and 8,3 mm for N=2 and N=5 respectively has been executed. 

    Keywords: inductance, least-squares procedure, meter error, stub base

  • The method of extension operating frequency range of source and emitter voltage follower

    The paper discusses the features of method of extension of circuit’s operating frequency range of the source and the classical emitter voltage follower (VF). The features of this method based on the effect of the mutual compensation of the parasitic impedances are considered. Problem of improving operation speed of VF with output capacitance and reducing the time of establishment of transient at pulsed input voltage are discussed.
    The simulation results of VF in Cadence on model of SiGe integrated transistors are given. This shows that with capacitive load high-frequency cutoff, the time of establishment of transient and the slew rate improved to tens - hundreds of times. 
    The results of investigate complement of methods of improving operation speed of the classical stage with a common drain and common collector.

    Keywords: operating frequency range, source follower, emitter follower, operational speed, broadband amplifier

  • Method of compensation offset voltage operational amplifiers with classical input stages based current mirrors

    Are considered method of reducing one of the most essential components of the voltage offset Uvo operational amplifiers (op-amp), executed on classical architecture with current mirrors, which is linked to the change current gain of base (β) bipolar transistors in conditions of temperature and radiation effects.
    To solve this problem in the basic architecture of op-amp is entered special corrective multipole, which will provide low-current asymmetry in coordination of input differential stage (DS). The method is applicable to op-amp, which is inexpedient to make any adjustments to the original structure of the DS. 
    The analytical expressions determining basic parameters the compensation circuits Uvo, and also shows the tabular data that simplify the choice of standard functional components of precision op-amps.  

    Keywords: microelectronics, circuit design, a differential amplifier, operational amplifier, voltage offset, temperature drift, the effect of radiation on the zero level

  • Electronics module for avalanche photodiode signal readout

    Circuit features of the electronics module for avalanche photodiode signal read-out, created on a basis of the specialized analog IC, are considered. Measurement re-sults of characteristics and noise depending on signal source capacity are given.

    Keywords: avalanche photo diode, readout electronic, charge sensitive amplifier, shaper, electronics module

  • Attenuator for high-speed input circuit analog-digital interfaces

    This article addresses options for building advanced of resistive voltage dividers (attenuator), providing a reduction in a given number of once input voltage in a wide range of operating frequencies. To correct the frequency error in the AT parasitic capacitance the load is proposed modified scheme with the special frequency attenuator correction, which allows for one to two orders extend the range of working frequencies the AT and increase performance.
    Results of computer modeling.

    Keywords: attenuator, a resistive voltage divider, the parasitic capacitance load correction capacitor, speed, large-amplitude pulse signal, the compensation effect, the upper frequency limit, broadband, analog-to-digital interfaces

  • High-frequency active filter units mixed SoC based on a current amplifier

    The paper shows the feasibility of using a current amplifier in the filters RF and microwave ranges. By analyzing the basic structure of the second-order level sufficient conditions for the efficient use of active elements. The examples of methodological nature and formulated conclusions of practical importance.

    Keywords: RF filter, microwave filter, parametric sensitivity, current amplifiers, functional modeline setting

  • Own compensation of noise of voltage reference in continuous compensatory stabilizers

      This paper presents a method of constructing microwave selective amplifiers, which allows control Q and voltage gain at the frequency of quasi-resonance. The presented architecture selective amplifiers for SiGe process technology have low power consumption.

    Keywords: RC-filter, good quality, controlled selective amplifier, gain, frequency quasi-resonance

  • Running inductance of circular conductors with axial density of current in the complex functional blocks

    The paper analytical method for calculation of magnetic characteristics of infinitely long circular and hollow cylindrical conductors has been proposed. The method permits: to calculate radial distribution of vector potential and induction of magnetic fields, being formed by direct current in the internal and external areas of the conductor; to determine the value of magnetic flux in the internal and external areas of the conductor; to calculate the current and flux running inductances of circular and hollow conductors; to find frequency dependence of Q-quality of cylindrical conductors and to de-fine the scales of characteristic frequencies.

    Keywords: inductance, distribution of magnetic fields, magnetic flux, Q-quality, complex functional block

  • High-frequency selective amplifier and band-pass filters in CMOS transistor SiGe process technology

      The paper offers a solution to the general problem of circuit synthesis for n-MOS transistor level band pass filter based on current amplifier with a limited transmission coefficient. The possibility of optimal choice of the parametric compromise. The results of modeling circuit in Cadence Virtuoso environment component-based workflow SGB25VD.

    Keywords: CMOS transistor, a band pass filter, a selective amplifier, system on chip, gain, voltage-to-current

  • Private and mutual compensation circuits in symmetric stages CMOS operational amplifiers

      The paper discusses the features of their own circuits and mutual compensation circuitry in a differential stage in CMOS transistors. It is shown that their composition can significantly increase the differential gain in symmetric cascades with a dynamic load, significantly reduce common mode gain and extend the range of operating frequencies. As an example, the evolution of the basic concept of a symmetric stage and the results of its simulation in Cadence Virtuoso.

    Keywords: micro circuitry, structural synthesis, complex-function blocks, a differential stage, a CMOS transistor, system-on-chip