Numerical solution of the problem of heat transfer in the boundary layers of transparent gas wall, exposed on the opposite side of radiant-convective heating. The energy dissipation due to viscosity is negligible, the wall is thermally thin, and the physical properties of the medium do not depend on temperature. The aim of this work - finding the local heat transfer coefficients (Nusselt number) needed for the analysis of heat exchangers. When solving the problem of nonlinear transfer functions linearizing method is used, based on which numerical scheme for computer calculations was constructed. The intensity of the local heat transfer in the boundary layer is determined by the number Kx = Nux / Nux0, where the value Nusselt numbers refer to the conditions under consideration of the problem of heat exchange (Nux) and constant surface temperature (Nux0). From a physical point of view, non-dimensional parameter Kx is a measure of the intensity of heat transfer in the boundary layer on a nonisothermal surface compared to heat transfer when the wall temperature everywhere the same. The analysis of this research showed that in radiative-convective heating number Kx on the front edge of the plate takes the largest value of Kx ≈ 1,37 corresponding to a constant heat flux on the wall. It is also shown that the relative temperature of the incoming flow has a significant impact on the value of Kx. The effect of this setting is especially evident in the processes when dominated by the effect of radiation and related to the nonlinearity of the transfer processes. The analysis revealed the influence of basic parameters of heat transfer on the development of transport processes in the boundary layer by heating radiation and convection simultaneously.
Keywords: Boundary layer, convection, radiation, radiation-convection heating, high temperature gas invironment, linearizing function
Methods for conducting polarization measurements on electrodes made of 1X18H9T steel are considered. Anodic polarization curves of steel 1X18H9T were obtained in solutions of electrolytes without stirring and with stirring. Comparison of the obtained anodic polarization curves allowed to reveal the rational current densities for realization of technological processes of combined anodic and mechanical processing of this steel.
Keywords: polarization curves, electrolytes, 1X18H9T steel, combined treatment
The problem of filling vertices of an oriented graph is considered. It is assumed that the choice of vertices from which the filling will be made and their number are determined by us. The filling process is assumed to be discrete. The capacity of arcs and the capacity of vertices are integers. In this formulation, the problem can be considered as a model for the consideration of irrigation in closed irrigation networks, the delivery of goods through the network.
Keywords: oriented graph, irrigation system, graph capacity, logistic system, delivery of goods, filling of verti-ces of an oriented graph, network methods, transport task
In the present work, a study was made of the properties of a photocatalyst-adsorbent based on metal oxide, which was titanium dioxide (TiO2). The photodegradation activity of two organic dyes under the action of light was analyzed. The effect of the phase composition of the photocatalyst was compared on the example of three modifications of TiO2 - rutile, anatase and their mixture.
Keywords: TiO2, photocatalysis, metal oxide, dyes
The work is devoted to modeling the dependence of the temperature of the extrusion process in the melting zone on the composition of the feedstock and the rotational speed of the screw shaft. The quality of the finished product can not be determined in real time, but it depends on the values of the technological parameters of the production process. Therefore, the quality of products can be controlled through the control of technological parameters. Therefore, the problem of determining the temperature dependence is an important problem. The model is obtained on the basis of experimental data from a number of alternative models. As parameters, the rotational speed of the screw shaft was used. As a criterion for the quality of the model, the sum of the theoretical model errors from the experimental data is used. As the speed of the screw shaft increases, the temperature of the extrusion process increases with a gradually decreasing rate. The resulting model of the extrusion process can be used in automatic extrusion control systems to control the quality of finished products.
Keywords: extrusion model, screw extruder, screw speed, extrusion, finished product quality
The purpose of the study is a promising, rapidly developing and demanded area of SLAM (simultaneous localiza-tion and mapping). The simultaneous location and construction of a map is a practical problem of autonomous robotics. The basic principle is to place the mobile robot in an unknown environment where it was able to gradual-ly build a consistent map of this terrain while simultaneously determining its location within the map. To date, the work is aimed at improving the efficiency of computing and solving problems in data integration. In the process of constructing a map of the environment by the mobile robot and simultaneously using it, in order to determine its location, online, the path of the platform and the location of all landmarks are simultaneously evaluated without the need for a priori knowledge of their location.
Keywords: localization and mapping, probabilistic breech-cha, extended Kalman filter, particle filter, mobile robot, re-cursive method, Gaussian
This article is dedicated to the research of existing methods of analysis and detection of persons in natural conditions. Face recognition based on image analysis is one of the main problems in the implementation of computer vision. The systems of reference measurements allow to define and develop various methods of face detection. Practical experiments were conducted and the algorithms for recognizing faces presented by scientific schools and commercial developments were considered, and also the results of evaluations on all test sets were analyzed based on the data of graphs of truly positive values for assessing the quality and speed of using MALF. Using a detailed assessment, the effectiveness of algorithms in various aspects with respect to several attributes was analyzed. Comparing performance with varying degrees of accuracy, the advantages and disadvantages of algorithms are determined when used in various work scenarios.
Keywords: computer vision, face detection, face detection, face recognition, image analysis algorithms, detection methods, reference measurements
When managing complex systems, for example, an industrial enterprise, an organization, a socio-economic system, etc., it is necessary to take into account the fact that they can be considered as polystructural systems, i.e. as a set of heterogeneous systems, interconnected. A poly-structural system is understood to mean a variety of different components, differing in physical properties, functional purpose, complexity of the internal structure, representing a single whole. The article deals with the management of a polystructural system based on the preparation of management decision making by experts who can evaluate an alternative from the standpoint of a specialist of several elements of a polystructural system. To develop methods for determining and selecting an informed management solution, a polystructural system is considered from the standpoint of system theory and system analysis. A mathematical model is developed, which is the basis for creating information and algorithmic support for the management of the polystructural system.
Keywords: management of a polystructural system, the choice of an administrative decision, indicators, a problem situation, the method of analyzing hierarchies, reducing the complexity of the examination
The questions of decision-making are considered at the development of a complex tourist product, which includes places of leisure and recreation, relocations, places of residence and others. The multicriteria problem of choosing the optimal variant of the tour with the given criteria and user ratings has been set and solved. The proposed model can be used to build a decision support system for the development of tours around Russia.
Keywords: decision theory, expert assessments, the theory of formal languages and grammars, optimization, intellectual systems
The growing interest in travel around Russia and the lack of information support determine the relevance of developing decision support systems in the tourism industry. The work presents the results of information modeling of such a system that allows, based on monitoring of thematic Internet resources, to create a database of tourist sites and events, places of residence, transport routes and based on user estimates, form a completed tourist product that appropriate the requirements. The obtained models are the basis for the development of the software environment.
Keywords: information modeling, universal modeling language UML, decision support system
The article is devoted to the development of metrological assurance in the field of experience based on solving optimization problems with the involvement of simulation and statistical models. This technique will improve the accuracy of decisions and reduce the time of development of technology. It is important to establish a system of views on the organization of metrological support of field experience on the basis of a system approach, taking into account the relationship and interaction of the various elements and processes of metrological assurance. The article describes an example of measurement processing of a multifactorial field experiment with application of simulation models, produced on the basis of the identification of correlations, tightness and shape which describe the regression equation or the correlation equation, which allows to obtain accurate solutions.
Keywords: field experience, observation, and optimization technologies, simulation model, regression, correlation, correlation coefficient
In this paper, the temperature distribution from a point source of heat under convective heat transfer is studied. The Navier-Stokes equation describing the steady two-dimensional laminar motion of a fluid is solved numerically. The distribution of the temperature field of a heat-loaded point source is obtained under appropriate boundary conditions, supplemented by the boundary conditions for the flow velocity to equal zero on the paraboloid walls by numerical integration using the control volume method.
Keywords: Radiator protrusion shape, thermal conductivity, thermal apparatus mode, the temperature of the heat source
The analysis of publications and the results obtained in the field of dynamic behavior of inhomogeneous beams and rods based on foreign press materials is performed. The work consists of an introduction and six sections. The introduction discusses the relevance of the problems associated with the study of inhomogeneous beam vibrations. The second part is devoted to highlighting the achievements in the development and application of analytical methods. The next paragraph deals with various aspects, reflecting the variety of dynamic phenomena arising in geometrically heterogeneous beam structures. Results related to modeling of conical, stepped beams and rods having different types of geometric features are discussed. The fourth section considers the state of the art for dynamic problems for physically inhomogeneous beams. It is shown that structural heterogeneity can be associated not only with material properties, but also arise due to external influences, such as inertial and temperature loads. Considerable attention is paid to questions related to the effective use of structurally heterogeneous beams in the field of architecture, construction, robotics, aeronautics and other innovative fields. The sixth and seventh paragraphs give an overview of the existing numerical approaches for an approximate and reliable description of the dynamic processes taking place in inhomogeneous beams. Different industrial software packages are discussed that allow solving dynamical problems of beams with varying physical and geometric properties within a reasonable time and with a high degree of accuracy. In the seventh, the final part, much attention is paid to the application of the finite element method.
Keywords: dynamics, a beam with a variable cross-section, eigenvibrations, numerical methods, structural inhomogeneity, finite element method, functionally graded materials
The article is devoted to the problem of data protection from interception as a result of the "man in the middle" attacks. The proposed technique for detecting these attacks is based on the analysis of the headers of transit packets passing through the default gateway. Based on the data obtained, a table of correspondence between IP and MAC addresses is constructed, for which software provides up-to-date and reliable information. The addresses of packets passing through the gateway are compared with the records in this table and, in case of a mismatch and impossibility of confirming the correctness of addresses in the headers of the channel and network layers, it is concluded that there is an additional intermediate node in the network that appeared as a result of the default gateway substitution. The article presents approaches to software implementation of this technique, describes the packet analysis algorithm.
Keywords: local area network, man-in-the-middle, DHCP-spoofing, ARP-poisoning, traffic analysis, gateway, network address, packet, ARP-table
The article examines the effect of polytitanate potassium intercalated copper on the structure and physico-mechanical properties of composite materials containing as a filler. Matrix composite material is a mixture of polyethylene 277 and copper-polymer complex of polyacrylamide. It is shown that the pre-intercalation of polytitanate potassium copper improve of physico-mechanical properties of the composite material.
Keywords: intercalated, polytitanate potassium, polyethylene, copper-polymer complex of polyacrylamide, friction coefficient, wear resistance, structure, hardness, elemental composition