In the paper we consider the energy efficiency of electric trains in overcoming the curved portion of the profile path. In this paper, were synthesized motion control algorithms that will help conserve energy resources by means of changes in traffic patterns electric depending on the profile path. The simulation electrorolling stock motion by offer the model showed a reduction in energy consumption compared to the nominal operation.
Keywords: energy efficiency, electric train, traffic management, motion control algorithms, reducing the consumption of energy resources
Chlorination is the most common, and in fact no alternative method of disinfection using in Baghdad water supply system. Thus there is an urgent need to control the trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water. One of the objectives of this study is to investigate the content of THMs in Baghdad water supply network. Studies showed that the substantial amount of THMs formed in water distribution system, THMs content tends to increase with the distance from the starting point coupled with a decrease of residual chlorine concentration. It is observed that in summer total THMs concentration growth rate in water supply network was 1.3-1.4 times higher than in winter as well as total amount of THMs increase by 30 percent in summer. It was found that the concentration of total THMs never exceeded 80 μg/l – the level specified in National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts (Stage 1) established by USEPA. However, in summer total THMs concentration in the water always exceeded 40 μg/l – the level set in accordance with Stage 2 of this Rule. The most of total THMs (73-80%) were bromine compounds (CHCl2Br, CHClBr2 and CHBr3). It is shown that the most efficient way to reduce THMs in Baghdad water supply network is to use the chlorine dioxide for chlorination.
Keywords: chlorine dioxide, chlorination, drinking water, trihalomethanes (THM), water supply network, water supply system
The represented approach of dynamic process modeling is based on the technology of automatical semantic text analysis. An associative network is forming during text processing. Its key notions, including lexical and psycholinguistic markers of the analyzed process, are ranked by theirs semantic weight. The weight being multiplied by marker status value at the scale of “good-bad” gives its contribution to the process stage characteristic. Transformation of the accumulated for all of the markers process characteristic from one period of time to another one is characterize a direction of the process.
Keywords: automatical text processing, associative (homogenous semantic) network, process dynamic modeling, social processes, lexical and psycholinguistic markers
The process of constructing a mathematical model of basin water bodies. Using the raw data, a mathematical model of the basin of Lake Onega. This model can be used for modeling thermal and hydrodynamic processes.
Keywords: parallelization of computations, thermohydrodynamics modeling of water objects, multi-core processors
The article discusses a method for optimizing the synthesis of digital state machines for solving tasks of search patterns with masks on FPGA using automatic models. Standard methods for the synthesis of the FPGA don't optimize digital state machines, but only optimize the placement of logic elements on the chip. The method of vectoring states involve the decomposition the structure of the machine and the combining the variety of states to the vertex-array of states. The states in the vertex-array is controlled by special state machine. This simplifies the addressing to the heights of states of the graph , and optimizes logical structure of machine. The number of states of the digital machine remains unchanged. Vectorization of states is simplifying the synthesis and control of state machine and reduces the number of logical elements.
Keywords: digital state machine, graph of digital state machine, synthesis of digital state machine, FPGA, reconfigurable computing system, pattern search, vectoring states of digital state machine.
his paper presents mathematic model of logging timber freights by combine transport network. This model optimize of cargo-carrying and technological roading of forest bases in timber procurement enterprise and lumber factories. Authors developed procedures and functions, which allowed solving optimization of cargo-carrying and technological roading of forest bases in timber procurement enterprise and lumber factories. Authors also analyze technological process on cut-over land, loading bay and railheads. This reporting allows to reduce transport costs and makes optimal schedule of logging timber freights.
Keywords: log truck, rail transportation in timber processing complex
The subject of the article is a two-level optimization system of thermal processing of pellets mode within an automated control system of technological process of a horizontal-grate machine. At the top level the problem of the static optimization of the mode is solved periodically based on a mathematical models of a technological zones. At the bottom level, the pellets layer's immeasurable parameters are estimated with a help of a state observer and the optimal thermal processing mode is being stabilized.
Keywords: horizontal-grate machine, mode optimization, mathematical model, state observer
The urgency and feasibility of application of biosensors with active biological layer for environmental studies was justified. A study of biosensors of various configurations to build a test system of environmental pollution control and determine the degree of aquatic toxicity was conducted. A simulation model of biosensor system was built. The selectivity of the biosensor was determined by theoretical experiments in which the analytical signal of the biosensor for biologically active layer without other biologically active substances was determined. The relationship between the type of transducer and biologically active substance was revealed. The software implementation of bisensor system was developed that reveals a number of pollutants and allows using not only different converters, but also different strains.
Keywords: biosensor, strain, quartz crystal, simulation model, environmental studies, pollutants, toxicity, sensitivity
This article is devoted to reviewing of crusted composition, based on natural minerals: magnesium chloride (bischofite) and glauconite, as a method of providing an ecological and technical security at traffic areas. In one of the main parametres of road safety - the coefficient of coupling revealed the advantages of using of eco composition over other commonly used anti-icing agents.
Keywords: crusted eco composition, icemelter, coefficient of adhesion, accident rate, ecological security, technical security
Одним из важнейших факторов, исключающих возникновение дефектов типа пор, расслоений, участков с неполной полимеризацией связующего в формуемой высоконагруженной полимерной композитной конструкции, является управляемость процесса во всем объеме композита. Для обеспечения однородности процесса полимеризации связующего предложен метод многокритериальной оптимизации процесса на основе математической модели, связывающей процессы распространения тепла и кинетики полимеризации. Система связанных уравнений процесса, учитывающая экзотермическое тепло, выделяемое при полимеризации термореактивного связующего, изменение теплоемкости и теплопроводности композита при фазовых переходах от жидкого к гелеобразному и, далее, к твердому состоянию, точную геометрию технологической системы, включая прессформу, а также интенсивность тепловыделения независимо управляемых нагревателей, реализована в виде конечноэлементной модели. Предложенный метод синтеза закона оптимального управления нагревателями, использующий метод множеств Парето, проиллюстрирован на примере полимеризации разностенной композитной конструкции, формуемой из стеклопластика.
Keywords: Композиционные материалы; Процесс полимеризации; Оптимальное управление; Кинетические уравнения; Уравнения в частных производных в задачах управления и оптимизации, Конечно-элементное моделирование, Фронт Парето
The results of a patent search in the field of shut-off valve constructions for nuclear power plants, thermal power plants and main piping are given.
Keywords: Nuclear power plants, shut-off valve, construction, main piping
Following ways to increase the competitiveness of energy biomass are defined. The research of biomass as a raw material for logging and utilization, state encouragement of its industrial utilization, analysis and biomass supplier and customer market grouping, making of effective equipment for its logging, transportation and utilization, feasibility study of equipment parameters and modes of operations, energy biomass performance improvement.
Keywords: alternative fuel,energy biomass, biofuel, logging, competition
This article considers the causes of halitosis and methods of the diagnosis. Halitosis, syndrome of bad breath caused by pathological condition of the oral cavity or internal organs and systems, has a significant impact on the patient's social life. Analysis of the composition of exhaled air may become a promising way to diagnose halitosis, as the direct relationship between the compositions of molecules of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ammonia etc. and the causes of halitosis were found. The article's authors review and analysis the methods of measurement of qualitative and quantitative composition of exhaled air. The most common methods include the use of electrochemical, optical sensors, infrared spectrometers and mass spectrometers. The latter method is positioned as the most optimal method of analysis of exhaled air due to its high accuracy, selectivity and sensitivity. The authors' portable mass spectrometer being developed is represented. At this stage it can detect traces of oxygen and carbon dioxide, which inject into the device through the capillary system or membrane one, in gas samples in real-time mode.
Keywords: diagnosis of halitosis, molecular biomarkers, analysis of exhaled air, portable mass spectrometer
Results of comparing the beamwidth and the concentration factor of receiving antenna wich were calculated using the metods of Bartlett and Prony when working on the background noise of the sea are considered. It was shown that efficiency parameter estimation signal sources using Prony methods is higher than when using the method of Bartlett.
Keywords: Prony algorithm, vector-scalar array,dynamc sea noise, the covariance, the flow of power
The article has received the further development of application technologies autonomous scripts for management of information resources of computer systems. Formalized behaviour of deterministic and stochastic autonomous scripts with the use of finite automata that enables you to develop models and technology for solving a wide class of problems of information resources management.
Keywords: autonomous scripts, theory of finite automata, the concept of frames slot, management of distributed information resources