Ferrous metallurgy enterprises annually emit into the atmosphere a significant amount of highly dispersed dust with a particle size of 10 microns or less. The article presents the results of a study performed to determine the dispersed composition of aerosols in dust and gas air flows coming from emission sources to unorganized sources of emissions into the atmosphere. Based on the results of microscopic analysis with determination of the fractional composition of the dust, integral dependences of the density of distribution over equivalent sizes (diameters) D for the ingredients accepted for the study were obtained. This made it possible to determine the average median values of the equivalent sizes of dust particles of harmful substances. An assessment of the power of dust emissions from unorganized sources of steelmaking enterprises into the atmosphere of cities has been carried out. In order to improve the environmental safety of the steelmaking shop, it was concluded that it is advisable to reconstruct existing aspiration systems using highly efficient wet dust collectors.

Keywords: metallurgy, aerosol, dust, ingredient, particle, dust collector, electric steelmaking shop, dispersion analysis, distribution density ,average median diameter, dh 50

At the present stage of increasing competition, the increased level of threats to the economic condition of business entities in any sector of the economy requires special attention. Enterprises of this industry annually emit aerosols of various composition and origin into the atmosphere: iron, vanadium, aluminum oxides, manganese oxides and other heavy metals. One of the components of safety is environmental safety and ensuring safe working conditions. The chemical composition of the dust-gas-air mixture of metallurgy enterprises is considered in the article, and the dispersed composition of aerosol emissions is determined. The data of the results of microscopic analysis of the fractional composition of dust based on the data of integral dependences of the density of distribution by equivalent sizes (diameters) D for the ingredients accepted for the study allowed us to determine the average median values of equivalent dust diameters.

Keywords: metallurgy, aerosol, electric steelmaking shop, dust-gas-air mixture, dispersion analysis, average median diameter, dh 50

The article is devoted to the issue of improving devices for cleaning gas station emissions from hydrocarbon vapors to improve the environmental safety of zones and territories of residential development. The largest part of the release of gasoline vapors entering the local aspiration systems is associated with the filling and emptying of fuel storage tanks at gas stations. It is known that emissions of benzene vapors belonging to the second hazard class have a significant problem in terms of exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations at the boundaries of the sanitary protection zones of gas stations and nearby residential buildings. Creation of new highly efficient technologies and devices for reducing the volume of pollutant emissions from gas filling complexes, while reducing operating costs by the amount of emissions and waste generated, developing reliable gas trapping devices of acceptable low material and energy consumption for gas station aspiration schemes is an urgent task. Another reason of elaborations’ needs of those gas trapping devices are reducing operating costs and environmental payments for emissions and waste. It was carried out environmental – economic research to verify justification to use absorption-type apparatuses within an absorbent mixture of sodium-magnesium salt’s solution (bischofite solution) and waste water of from a local purification device. It was allowed reducing emissions from sources of gas station aspiration schemes using capturing gasoline hydrocarbon vapors by mention above apparatus. It is essential reducing negative emissions’ impact of harmful substances and an additional amount of generated waste of gas stations. There are presented the results of calculating volume of the fees’ environmental damage, and economic efficiency of the use the proposed type of sorbent’ apparatus in this article also. The use of the proposed device in gas station aspiration schemes allows deceasing environmental payments for emissions including carbon taxes and fees and additional operating costs in terms of the use of consumables. The successful tests carried out have shown the reliable and efficient operation of the pilot plant with the proposed device at the gas station. The successful tests carried out have shown the reliable and efficient operation of the pilot plant set up with the proposed device that decreased environmental payments for emissions, waste and operating costs.

Keywords: gas station, gasoline, emission, atmosphere, concentration, hydrocarbons, aspiration, absorption, device, bischofite, water

The article is devoted to the issue of improving devices for cleaning gas station emissions from hydrocarbon vapors to improve the environmental safety of inhabitant zones and territories of residential development. It is known that emissions of benzene vapors belonging to the second hazard class have a significant problem in terms of exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations at the borders of the sanitary protection zones of gas stations and nearby residential buildings. The largest part of the release of gasoline vapors entering the local aspiration systems is associated with the filling and emptying of fuel storage tanks at gas stations. To reduce emissions from gas station sources, it is proposed to use absorption-type devices in gasoline vapor recovery units. The article presents the results of experiments on a pilot - industrial plant set up with an apparatus for cleaning gas station emissions from benzene and other hydrocarbon vapors using a solution of a mixture of natural sodium-magnesium salts. As a liquid sorbent in such devices, it was proposed to use waste water from a gas station purification device in order to reduce the additional amount of waste generated during their operation. Based on the results of processing the experimental data, a graphical dependence and regression equations were obtained. The areas of aerohydrodynamic regimes at which the highest efficiency is achieved for the parameters of the apparatus of the studied modification are determined. This approach also makes it possible to reduce the negative technogenic impact of gas stations in terms of the generation of additional waste. The successful tests carried out have shown the reliable and efficient operation of the pilot plant set up with the proposed device.

Keywords: gas station, gasoline, emission, atmosphere, fuel, hydrocarbons, aspiration, absorption, device, bischofite, water

he article is devoted to the question of selection of aerodynamic parameters of drying in the apparatus of the filtered-fluidized bed of dispersed particles – carbon-black containing wastes materials and granules of sodium salts in solution of modeling problems. The design of the studied gas pressure distribution grid fluidized bed of dispersed materials of the tray kind provides the possibility to efficiently fulfill the drying process at relatively low speeds of the drying agent. It is allowed to reduce the removal of particles of material from the bed and its exhaust into the atmosphere. The average flow rate of gas motion and the number of fluidization for the main stages of the filtered-fluidized bed of the studied materials and aerodynamic parameters (drop pressure losses) are determined. It was found the fluidization number in the range 1.25-1.5 and the bed height was about 0.25 m. The total aerodynamic drop pressure losses of the dispersed materials’ bed and had acceptable meanings within range from 90 to 130 kg / m2. For the recommended range the coefficient was equal 30-45. Data were obtained on the phases of fluidization, the values of the aerodynamic parameters of drying, and the areas of operating conditions that provide a fairly uniform circulation of the material in the layer and reliable operation of the apparatus.

Keywords: modeling, drying, waste, dispersed material, fluidization, bed, velocity, aerodynamics, pollution, atmosphere

The article is devoted to the issue of improving the environmental safety of the construction industry by improving the systems of decreasing dust emissions by aspiration systems using a comprehensive dispersive analysis. There was proposed to develop a promising approach using the criteria of hydrodynamic similarity in the output functions of the complex analysis of variance to increase the efficiency of aspiration decreasing dust systems in this article. The article focuses on the environmental problems of building construction industry. The volume and different kinds of mixtures of bulk building materials and cements to produce various types of concrete construction units and materials are in stable demand every year. It means that average amount of dust particles substances in emissions at the manufacturing production of building materials every year too. The results of studies show that a significant content of fine particles, for example, 10 microns or less is concern in dust emissions systems of aspiration at the building construction enterprises. One of ways to increase the environmental safety is reduction of dust emissions to design dust capturing devices that have low values of slippage out from aspirations’ decreasing dust systems. It was achieved by special complex integrated analysis’ method of variance dust that applies hydrodynamic sedimentation of particles. It is the way to obtain distribution of dimensionless numerical complexes — the hydrodynamic similarity criteria for the dust studied samples. There presented results of experiment that gave more reliable approach to get evaluations of the complex analysis of particles sedimentation velocity’s distributions.

Keywords: Dust, building material, dust collector, cleaning, overshoot, analysis of variance, velocity, sedimentation, criterion, emission, atmosphere, dust removal, aspiration

The article is devoted to the approach to the development and design of effective dust collectors for the aspiration systems of the construction industry. It was proposed and implemented the study of the particle shape factors that determine the hydrodynamic features of gas flow around dust particles, for example, in the aspiration schemes, which are most spread and applied in the construction industry using the results of complex analysis of variance it this article. It was presented results of implementation hydrodynamic criteria in the output function of the analysis. The values’ meanings of the particle shape factors of the dusts’ particles were gained and obtained at the final stage of experiment. It was obtained regressions for particle shape factors as functions of hydrodynamic criteria. It was proposed dependences to clarify the particle sedimentation-growth velocities taking into account the influence of the particle shape factors of the studied dust samples. It was allowed possibility to assess and obtain ranges of changes in the values’ meanings of particle shape factors. It was obtained more reliable results for determining the sedimentation values’ velocities of dust particle as a determining result of complex analysis of variance of particles also. The research results allow the development and design of dust collecting devices for cleaning emissions in dust removal systems of the aspiration schemes of the construction industry. These dust kinds of collector provides a significant reduction in dust leakage out from dust removal systems of the aspiration. This way become one of the highly effective prevents polluting ways that allows to improve environmental safety of the construction industry.

Keywords: Dust, building material, dust collector, cleaning, leakage, analysis of variance, velocity, sedimentation, criterion, emission, atmosphere, dust removal, aspiration

The article is devoted to the improvement of heat exchangers for use of secondary heat potential gas-flow aspiration schemes in the construction industry. The use of waste heat from the thermal processing equipment raw materials and products can save the amount of fuel burned in the whole cycle of thermal power enterprises. It was researched and proposed improving of design and development of new heat-saving device for the effective use of secondary heat energy resources of hot gases’ emission of aspiration schemes at building industry. There is presented some results of a study of the heat transfer parameters in the proposed design device with fluidized bed of granular material as a the form of nozzle in this article. It was obtained and observed the regression relations for a few fluidized bed of granular material in the form of pellets, granules in the general kind of one’s. The design of the fluidized bed heat exchanger for efficient use (recycling) secondary heat and mass exchanging devices and determine the heat transfer coefficients in the range of effective modes of operation for use in aspiration schemes at building enterprises. There is presented the result of the executed experimental research and modeling in the form of generalized regression dependence for the the Nusselt criterion relations to determine the heat transfer coefficient from the particles to the solid tube’ wall where water is circulated inside within the fluidized bed granules in this article. It’s and to be heated in proposed. Efficient use of resources through the secondary heat from waste is also one of the most effective ways to implement measures to reduce thermal pollution and improve the environmental safety of the construction industry as a whole. Modernization of technologies and devices, providing a more efficient use of heat and energy resources and heat pollution of environment simultaneously, is an important task of innovative development and transformation of the industry construction and country. It was mentioned the some recommendations for proposed device’ use in the construction industry.

Keywords: granule, a heat exchanger, fluidized bed, building material, speed, pollution, environment, scheme, aspiration, recovery and heat savings

The article is devoted to the problem of modeling heat exchangers with fluidized packing of disperse material whenшы used in aspiration schemes at construction industry enterprises. Innovative transformation of industry and construction industry is associated with the most complete and effective use of thermal, energy potentials including low-potential secondary resources. The use of waste gas heat from equipment during thermal processing of raw materials and products, and ejecting in aspiration schemes, allows to reduce the specific consumption of fuel burned per unit of output production by the construction industry enterprises. There is presented an approach to modeling and calculation of heat transfer in the apparatus of the proposed design with a nozzle in the form of a fluidized bed of granules of a dispersed material in this article. There is presented the result of the executed experimental research and modeling in the form of generalized regression dependence for the the Nusselt criteria relations to determine the heat transfer coefficient from the particles to the solid tube’ wall where water is circulated inside within the fluidized bed granules in this article. It was described generalized form of the regression relation for the calculation of heat transfer in a heat exchanger with a fluidized bed of packing dispersed materials in the form of granules in this article.

Keywords: modeling, heat exchanger, fluidization, bed, material, velocity, criteria, pollution, atmosphere, scheme, aspiration

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of qualitative and quantitative composition of emissions in the production of building materials. This article describes a way of reducing dust emissions of solid substances pollutions exhausted in the atmosphere in the manufacture construction materials. The article focuses on the environmental problems of building construction industry. Volume of production of building materials is growing up and amount of dust particles substances in emissions around 5-8% every year at least both. One of ways to increase the environmental safety is reduction of dust emissions. Data on the relative content of some types of dust, typical for the construction industry in the total dust emissions entering the atmosphere of the city enterprises. The results of studies show that a significant content of fine particles, for example, 10 microns or less is concern in dust emissions systems of aspiration at the building construction enterprises. The great amount mention above of solid substances fine particles dimension involves the usage of special complex integrated analysis method of variance dust. The great amount mention above of solid substances fine particles dimension involves the usage of special complex integrated analysis method of variance dust. The value of the maximum permissible concentration of fine particles content by mention above dimension (around 10 microns) is less than for ordinary powder of building materials’ dusts. There exist and work a lot of building materials enterprises treat with bulk building materials in present time. It isn’t necessary to have ecological project of limitation emissions for small construction companies. So that this reason demands the improvement norms methodology for limitation for fine particles are concern in dust emissions systems of aspiration at the building construction industry. It allows preventing growing pollutions of atmosphere by emissions with fine particles dust.

Keywords: Dust, cement, sand, emissions, environment, system, building industry, analysis of variance, rationing, aspiration

This article describes a way of reducing dust emissions of solid substances pollutions exhausted in the atmosphere in the manufacture construction materials. The article focuses on the construction industry to improve the environmental safety improvement dust decreasing systems using complex integrated analysis method of variance dust emissions of dust aspiration systems. The article suggested developing a promising approach to improving the methods of complex analysis of variance with dust particles medium average rate (weighted average) parameters and integrated particle distribution function hydraulically equivalent size’ dimension and sedimentation’ time of dust samples investigated sample. Studies show that the use of response hydraulically equivalent size and the velocity of dust particles hovering sedimentation’ functions allow to obtain more reliable results of complex integrated analysis method of variance of the dispersion dust. At the same time developed using the results of such research and the complex devices used in combination of dry and wet cleaning can significantly reduce the amount of loose dust emissions in the production of building materials. The research’s results show that the integrated use of the devices dry and wet cleaning can significantly reduce the amount of loose dust emissions in the production of building materials. Reducing emissions of dust is one of the most effective reliable ways to implement environmental protection measures and to Increase of ecological safety of building materials industry treat with dispersion-bulk materials.

Keywords: dust, cement, sand, dust collector, cleaning, construction materials, leakage, analysis of variance, velocity, sedimentation, the atmosphere, the scheme, dust removal, aspiration

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the authors of the main indicators in the calculation of asbestos dust emissions in the atmosphere air, in accordance with standard procedures and their impact on quality of life.

Keywords: diversification of management, production diversification, financial and economic purposes of a diversification, technological purposes of ensuring flexibility of production