This article represents the initial stage of research on the material layer of the architectural-natural environment of the mountainous territories of North Ossetia. The study involves analyzing and studying the traditional settlement structure in this region, taking into account architectural-compositional features. The main goal of the research is to understand and describe different architectural approaches used in traditional settlements of North Ossetia. To achieve the set goals, the study utilizes geographic information systems and programming. Geographic information systems enable the analysis of spatial data and visualization of compositional forms of settlement structures in mountainous territories. Programming allows automating data processing and analysis processes. The research also takes into account the natural and landscape features of the region. Natural conditions of the mountainous territories of North Ossetia influence architectural decisions, such as material usage, adaptation to uneven terrain, and more. It is important to understand how architectural-compositional features are combined with natural features and contribute to the formation of sustainable and harmonious settlements. The obtained results of the research will have practical value for the preservation and use of traditional architecture and cultural heritage of North Ossetia. They can be used in the planning and design of new settlements, considering the unique architectural-compositional features of this region and with the aim of preserving its unique cultural and natural environment.

Keywords: settlement structure, mountainous territory, composition, shape, natural landscape, relief, architectural composition, North Ossetia, Alania, mountain settlement

In this article, we delve into the contemporary identity of the mountainous region of North Ossetia, with a focus on its architectural and material framework. The architectural complex of North Ossetia is distinguished by its unique synthesis of four architectural fabrics or layers, each representing an architectural expression of its respective historical epoch. These architectural layers reflect the rich heritage and historical roots of the region, spanning from ancient times to the present day. Analyzing these layers allows us to understand how various historical factors and cultural influences have shaped the architectural character of the mountainous terrain. Understanding this synthesis of architectural fabrics is a key element in preserving and maintaining the identity of this region and its architectural culture. This research aims to contribute to a deeper appreciation of this rich architectural heritage and its role in the modern world.

Keywords: Architectural appearance, identity, traditional architecture, architectural layer, mountain settlement

This article presents the results of the study, the impact of recreation on a person, the functions of recreation are presented and studied, classifications are proposed and, taking this into account, the types of recreational activities are derived.

Keywords: industrial buildings, interior space, architecture, recreational areas, interior gardening, architectural forms

The article compares the principles of architectural designing industrial enterprises, which were fixed in the 70s - 80s of the twentieth century, and modern ones associated with changes in socio–economic relations in the XXI century. The specifics of the approach to the architectural design of large and small enterprises are described. Special attention is paid to the influence of economic factors on the industrial architecture of small enterprises, the importance of the time factor. The most acute problems that arise today in the architectural design of small enterprises are identified, and ways to solve them are proposed. A new functional element of the general plan of an industrial enterprise is described - the "development zone".

Keywords: Iidustrial architecture, principles of architectural design, functional zoning, "flexible" planning solutions

The article reviews the evolution of the facades of buildings and structures in the context of the factors influencing their shaping from the prehistoric era to modern times on the example of European civilization. The main morphological and syntactic factors are identified, depending on which specific facade solutions are made for buildings and structures, a brief overview of the main artistic tools for decorating the external appearance of the building envelope is given. Based on the results of the review, it is noted that the attitude to the expressiveness of the facades of buildings and structures is formed under the influence of the political system and socio-cultural development in society, and the compositional and artistic tools for shaping facade solutions are compiled depending on the available building materials and skills in construction technologies.

Keywords: facade, shaping, appearance, evolution of facades, architectural syntax, decoration, artistic tools

The article presents an attempt to recreate the entrance group of a fortification located in the delta of the Don River and once belonged to the Republic of Genoa in the form of a virtual model. The publication used previously unpublished documents, which formed the basis of the proposed work. On the basis of archival materials, the authors created a three-dimensional model of the Genoese gate of the XIII century, the traces of which in the XXI century almost disappeared. From the documents found, the exact dimensions of the structure became known, as well as some architectural elements that decorated the entrance and walls inside the opening. The presented virtualvirtual model is based on measurements made during the archaeological expedition of B. V. Lunin.

Keywords: Tana, Genoese trading post, Genoa, fortress, gatehouse, fortification

The article presents the results of historical and archival research, literary and comparative analyses of Tana - the medieval Italian colony. The colony belonged to the Venetian Republic in the XVI-XV centuries and was located at the mouth of the Don river, in the modern city of Azov. In the article territorial location, boundaries and architectural and spatial structure of the colony are specified. The results of research can be used as a basis for the virtual reconstruction of the Venetian Tana.

Keywords: Tana, Venetian colony, settlement, fortress, gate tower, fortification

The article identifies socio-economic factors affecting the industrial architecture of the southern Federal district. The analysis of the statistical data characterizing the existing enterprises is carried out. The features of processing and food industry of the southern Federal district are considered. The features of the architecture of the modern processing enterprise are formulated.

Keywords: industrial architecture, architecture of objects of the processing industry, economic factors, economy of the southern Federal district, energy efficiency, flexible planning solutions, functional mobility, blocking of premises

The abstract briefly describes modern architectural and planning tools to improve the powerefficiency of industrial buildings. The developments of the Soviet industrial architecture and current European trends are recorded. The features of climate in the South of Russia are considered. The perspective tendencies of increase ofpowerefficiency of industrial buildings are formulated. Examples of the use some of constructive methods and means of improvement of territories for increase of powerefficiency of industrial objects are presented

Keywords: industrial architecture, economic factors, energy efficiency, environmental friendliness, flexible planning solutions, functional mobility, additional engineering systems

The article consists of overview of stages of forming industrial buildings architectural types and contemporary trends and principles of industrial buildings topical organization and reconstruction.

Keywords: architecture, industrial buildings, reconstruction of industrial buildings

The article presents the local type of logistic centers in urban environment as an essential part of freight network and its place in hierarchic logistic system of a country. Transport, compositional, ecologic and other aspects that have impact on spacial concept of local logistic centers are under examination. Thus generalized models of local logistic centers are put forward. They are developed by the authors with large volume of handled cargo, turnover capacity, and are space-saving. The main concepts of such models are following:  vertical development of storage volume due to construction of several floor and shelf storage levels with different ramps as well as provision of comfort one-way transport of minimum maneuvers and without crossing and conflicting traffic.

Keywords: architectural spatial concepts, logistic centers, warehousing types , generalized spacial model