The article provides an assessment of the economic efficiency of a prestressed bistal beam, prestressed stretching of web. The comparison is made with a conventional bistal girder without prestressing with the same cross-section. The costs of material, design, production, transportation and installation are considered. It is taken into account that to create pre-stress, more labor costs are always needed, therefore, the manufacture of pre-stressed structures is more expensive than conventional structures. The purpose of prestressing is to reduce the consumption of steel in the fabrication of the structure. The structure of labor costs for the manufacture of structures is given. A comparative analysis of the cost "in business" of a running meter of a beam, prestressed by wall stretching, and a beam without prestressing, depending on the complexity of their manufacture, is carried out.
Keywords: thin-walled structure, bistal girder, I-beam, prestressing, stretching of web, structure weight, overhead costs, labor intensity of manufacture, cost-effectiveness, custom design, value in action
An algorithm for planning work in a group of autonomous mobile robots performing the functions of eliminating the consequences of fires or emergency situations (ES) is proposed. Such a multi-agent robotic system (MRTS) should work effectively without the direct participation of an operator performing the functions of a decision maker (DM). The autonomy of the MRTS is due to the emergency conditions with foci of infection, dangerous for the stay of people. The paper proposes an approach and a corresponding algorithm for constructing a machine-learning model that solves the problem of optimal current planning for emergency response operations for MRTS, where an experienced decision-maker is the teacher.
Keywords: mobile robots, work area, job distribution, limited resources, linear programming problem, optimal planning, constraints
The article reproduces and supplements the experience of modeling and determining the optimal angle of inclination of the lattice with an estimate of the total lengths of the elements, the greatest forces, displacements and natural frequencies for computer models of various configurations. The possibility of using this system in civil construction with the use of volume-block technology of building construction is described. This article will be useful for design engineers involved in the design and calculation of high-rise buildings, bulk-block or modular buildings made of reinforced concrete and metal structures.
Keywords: diagrid, mesh load-bearing structures, reinforced concrete structure, metal structures, stability, computer model, high-rise buildings, bulk-block, prefabricated module
Constant climate changes, the rapid pace of development of the northern and eastern territories of our country, the areas of permafrost spread, put forward a number of relevant theoretical and applied problems for science. Soil degradation in permafrost areas entails the deformation of buildings, the emergency condition of thermal and power plants, the immersion of road sections after 2-3 years of operation in the ground of the base, the failure of the supports of power supply networks, communication lines and water pipes.
Keywords: permafrost, climate change, soil degradation, monitoring of the technical condition of buildings, operation of structures
Based on the Bayes approach, a representative number of experimental measurements was determined when assessing the quality of the environment, in particular, when monitoring the quality of the atmosphere and checking the compliance with the standard for the accumulation of solid municipal waste
Keywords: Bayesian approach, quality control, experimental measurement, a priori data, a posteriori data, distribution density
The article describes the problems of modern industrial architecture of small and medium-sized enterprises. The conflict between the established design practice based on the methodology of the 70s-80s of the XX century is revealed. A method of solving the problem based on the planning rethinking of the principle of "flexible" layouts is proposed and the introduction of a new element into the structure of the enterprise – the development zone.
Keywords: industrial architecture, problems of modern architecture, flexible planning solutions, functional mobility, blocking of premises, small-scale functional zoning, industrial enterprise development zone
This article describes automation of getting security-sensitive data required for database connectivity in Kubernetes environment.
Keywords: Kubernetes, Vault, Helm, automation, security, database, Deployment, Job
This article discusses the importance of timely monitoring of the technical condition of structures and buildings in general in the process of preserving cultural heritage objects. And also, using the example of the Rostov region, the article raises one of the existing organizational and technical problems of preserving cultural heritage objects – the lack of the ability to conduct timely monitoring of the technical condition of historically significant objects in the region, and the urgent need to create local organizations to monitor the technical condition of objects and prevent violations of their operation.
Keywords: cultural heritage object, monitoring, inspection, technical condition, complex technical studies, violations, operation, historical value, restoration, repair, preservation
The problem of searching over encrypted data using homomorphic encryption in distributed software systems is addressed. The paper considers the application of the approach developed by the authors for the implementation of a distributed system prototypes for issuing digital diplomas and certificates for obtaining competencies with recording in IPFS and an Ethereum smart contract and a search engine for recruiting personnel. The prototype of the system presented in the article demonstrates the use of homomorphic encryption, which allows the search engine and users to interact with the directly transformed data in public blockchain networks without performing the reverse transformation, ensuring their security.
Keywords: blockchain, distributed software systems, cloud computing, homomorphic encryption, mathematical model, transactions, smart contracts, digital diploma, recruiting
In this work, an experimental model of pulsed regeneration of a sodium-cationite filter was developed. This model can work both with a stationary water flow and with a pulsed one. It is established that at a high pulse frequency, the water flow tends to a stationary one. It is found that at any frequency in a pulsed water flow, hydraulic losses will always be less than at a stationary one. At the same time, the smallest hydraulic losses are observed at a low pulse frequency of 1 Hz, and there is also a decrease in hydraulic losses in the range from 4 to 6 Hz.. It is established that at the same concentration of salt solution, the hardness of the treated water is lower in the pulsed mode than in the stationary mode. At the same time, the lowest stiffness is achieved at a low pulse frequency of 1 Hz. It is established that the time spent on regeneration at an equal inlet pressure will be longer with a pulsed water flow than with a stationary one at any frequency of pulsed regeneration.
Keywords: cationite, water treatment, sodium-cationite filter, stationary water flow, pulse water flow, frequency, salt solution, parallel-flow regeneration, hydraulic losses, pressure
Currently, there are general mathematical models that allow calculating the simplest emotional education of a robot. Using these models, computer programs are implemented, for example, VibraImage by Elsys, which сalculates the simplest emotional upbringing based on the microvibrations of a person's head placed in front of a computer's webcam. However, it is not always possible to use the VibraImage program in specific situations. The purpose of this article is to describe an algorithm and software application for calculating the parameters of the simplest emotional upbringing of a robot according to the amplitude of a sound incentives acting on the robot. A formula is obtained for the simplest emotional education of a robot using the amplitude of the sound signal affecting the robot, as well as the ratio for evaluating the parameters of the simplest education of work. A computer program is described that allows one to calculate elementary education, memory coefficient and ultimate education of a robot using an audio file, which is a sound signal affecting the robot. The nature of the relationship between the parameters of the simplest upbringing and the length of the sampling step is determined. Identified the most suitable value for the sampling step length.
Keywords: robot, education, memory coefficients, amplitude of a sound signal, mathematical model, psychology of robots, limiting education, elementary education, computer program, sampling frequency
In this paper, we propose modeling and visualization of the pipe movement trajectories in a pipe bending machine. Mathematical equations for converting quaternion data to Euler angular data are presented. The paper uses the method of double integration on the acceleration data from the IMU-9250 MEMS sensor to obtain realistic speed and location. The program is implemented in the MATLAB environment for visualization of pipe trajectories in 3D representation.
Keywords: the trajectory of the object, the device of inertial measurement, MEMS
The article discusses the opportunities that arise when using data mining methods in construction. A numerical experiment is carried out to create an algorithm for making design decisions in the production of zero-cycle works, namely, when installing the enclosing structures of the pit edge. Comparison of the data obtained in the Deductor Studio software product with those actually used in the construction of a residential building is performed.
Keywords: construction, earthworks, information technology, decision tree, design decision making, data analysis, machine learning, Data Mining, Deductor.
The purpose of this work is to develop an algorithm for recognizing shrinkage defects on metal alloys. The steps for image processing are described. When analyzing the algorithm, a description is presented for each step, followed by a software implementation. The final step, after using the methods of the algorithm, is to count the contours of the defects. To demonstrate the functionality of the software, random photos of the metal body in the section were taken, where defects in the form of gas pores can be directly observed. The software, with the correct selection of input data, processes the image with high accuracy, minimizing errors in calculating defects. Using the proposed algorithms reduces the diagnostic time. The article presents a comparative description of the manual and automated methods, showing the effectiveness of the second method in comparison with the first. To write the software, the Python 3.7 programming language was used, as well as the OpenCV computer vision algorithms library.
Keywords: defect detection, computer vision algorithms, OpenCV, metal defects, shrinkage defects
The implementation of any construction project in the Far North conditions becomes successful with its rational design. The main factors in the design both in Russia and in foreign mills in the Far North are given. The article reveals the theoretical aspects of the contracting process and interaction with design institutes in the design of oil and gas production facilities. The main aspects of the framework agreement and effective use in commercial practice of such countries as the USA, Great Britain, France are shown. The main problems, as well as tools for effective work with counterparties, are given, as well as examples of analysis of the market of contractors, on the basis of which conclusions are drawn on interaction with a potential counterparty.
Keywords: oil and gas industry, construction, design and survey work, contractor, counterparty, tender, selection, oil and gas production facilities, SWOT analysis