The paper reveals the problem and causes of the formation of fetid compounds in the systems of transportation and wastewater treatment. Various methods used at the moment to eliminate and neutralize unpleasant odors, as well as a number of measures to clean the air from fetid compounds are considered. A new method is described to prevent the formation of odors of fetid compounds in wastewater transportation and treatment systems and a device for its implementation using low-intensity cavitation. The scheme of the device for sewage treatment from smells of fetid compounds. The principle of operation of this installation is described.

Keywords: fetid compounds , air purification, biological purification, low-intensity cavitation.

The methods of injection fixing the soils of the base under the foundations of cultural heritage are considered. The specific examples show the features of soil consolidation by cementation and silicatization methods. The technological features of soil consolidation, taking into account the material of the foundations and the technical condition of cultural heritage sites are given

Keywords: cementation, silicatization, injector, soil, consolidation, foundation, object of cultural heritage, sediment, subsidence, deformation

The article considers the application of a modified two-stage genetic algorithm to solve the traveling salesman problem. The traveling salesman problem is a classical combinatorial optimization problem known since 1930. The traveling salesman problem is NP-complex. With the number of cities 66 or more, it is impossible to solve it by exhaustive search. To test the proposed approach to the solution, we consider a graph with 51 vertices from the package TSP_LIB. At the first stage, a modified Goldberg model with small parameter values works to obtain the first generation of the second stage with better performance than the random formation of individuals. The second stage works with increased values of genetic algorithm parameters. These values vary from experiment to experiment, the results of which are presented in diagrams. Also, the results of the two-stage algorithm are compared with the results of the one-stage algorithm. A modified Goldberg model of the genetic algorithm is used. The genetic algorithm uses a waypoint representation of a traveling salesman's route with a two-point ordered crossover and a "greedy" mutation. The experimental results showed the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The modified two-stage algorithm allows to obtain a solution close to the optimal one.

Keywords: traveling salesman problem, genetic algorithm, Goldberg model, crossover, mutation, individual, route, Hamiltonian cycle, distance matrix

The purpose of the article is the possibility of scientific, methodological and technical justification for the need to develop and conduct construction and technical expertise at the current stage of the construction industry in the design and construction of different types, types, specifics and technical characteristics of the housing facility. The concept of legislative regulation of this area of production in the aspect of mandatory standards and regulations applicable to all construction companies (organizations) is given.

Keywords: Construction, construction objects, forecasts, projects, design, quality management, standards, regulations, legislation, judicial construction and technical expertise, expert

In optical-electronic systems (OES) of visual observation, the non-uniformity of the output signal is compensated quite well. At the same time, the non-uniformity of the sensitivity of the photodetector (NUSP) degrades the threshold sensitivity of the photodetector devices. At the same time, compensation does not lead to an increase in the characteristics of the OES. Thus, assessing the impact of NUSP on the characteristics of detection of the OES is an urgent task. The calculation of the estimation of the mathematical expectation of the signal shows that it is biased and the displacement is proportional to the sensitivity of the corresponding element. Compensation for NUSP eliminates this bias, but the effectiveness of the assessment changes and the NUSP is transferred from the mathematical expectation to the variance. The presence of NUSP results in a corresponding the non-uniformity of the probability of correct detection and a threshold signal. Performing compensation does not change the probability of correct detection and the threshold signal. It is shown that for each element of the photodetector the detection range is determined by its sensitivity. The ratio of the maximum range to the minimum is related to the ratio of the maximum sensitivity of the photodetector element to the minimum. The presence of NUSP leads to a corresponding uneven detection range. It is shown that the compensation of NUSP does not change the value of the detection limit. At NUSP of 40%, the minimum detection range will be 1.5 times less than the maximum detection range.

Keywords: optoelectronic system, non-uniformity of sensitivity of the detector, detection range

The article is devoted to the approach to the development and design of effective dust collectors for the aspiration systems of the construction industry. It was proposed and implemented the study of the particle shape factors that determine the hydrodynamic features of gas flow around dust particles, for example, in the aspiration schemes, which are most spread and applied in the construction industry using the results of complex analysis of variance it this article. It was presented results of implementation hydrodynamic criteria in the output function of the analysis. The values’ meanings of the particle shape factors of the dusts’ particles were gained and obtained at the final stage of experiment. It was obtained regressions for particle shape factors as functions of hydrodynamic criteria. It was proposed dependences to clarify the particle sedimentation-growth velocities taking into account the influence of the particle shape factors of the studied dust samples. It was allowed possibility to assess and obtain ranges of changes in the values’ meanings of particle shape factors. It was obtained more reliable results for determining the sedimentation values’ velocities of dust particle as a determining result of complex analysis of variance of particles also. The research results allow the development and design of dust collecting devices for cleaning emissions in dust removal systems of the aspiration schemes of the construction industry. These dust kinds of collector provides a significant reduction in dust leakage out from dust removal systems of the aspiration. This way become one of the highly effective prevents polluting ways that allows to improve environmental safety of the construction industry.

Keywords: Dust, building material, dust collector, cleaning, leakage, analysis of variance, velocity, sedimentation, criterion, emission, atmosphere, dust removal, aspiration

The development of modern electronics has led to the improvement and modernization of natural gas meters. Mechanical devices increasingly began to be replaced by electronic ones, which allow to provide higher accuracy, resolution of the device and have a number of additional features, for example, allow to register events and monitor readings. The task of such devices is to provide completely autonomous operation from the battery element in the period from 5 to 10 years. The battery life is determined by the number of consumers of electricity included in the meter and can be reduced to very small values ​​due to the use of modern electronic components with low power consumption. In addition, it is possible to reduce power consumption by implementing certain algorithms of the device. In this paper, we consider the options for constructing a measuring target, and the algorithms for operating the digital part, which allow us to reduce power consumption.

Keywords: measuring circuits, natural gas meters, energy consumption, measuring target, energy efficiency

The physical and chemical properties of cobalt catalysts for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis prepared by the method of impregnating a silicate carrier have been studied. The influence of oxide promoters on the specific surface, volume and pore sizes, the degree of reduction of metallic cobalt on the surface of Co-Al2O3 / SiO2 catalyst has been studied.

Keywords: Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, synthetic hydrocarbons, catalyst, cobalt, promoter, carrier, specific surface, porous structure, catalytic activity, degree of reduction

The parameters of the porous structure and the outer surface of cobalt catalysts for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis prepared by the water-impregnation method were studied. The effect of the polymorphous modification of the support on the physico-chemical properties of the Co / Al2O3 catalyst was studied.

Keywords: Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, synthetic motor fuel, catalyst, carrier, promoter, polymorphic Al2O3 modifications, elemental analysis, specific surface, porous structure

The analysis of the projects for securing the soil foundations, which are part of the new construction projects of educational institutions in the Rostov region in 2016-18, is carried out. On the example of the construction of schools in the cities of Rostov-on-Don, Taganrog, Shakhty, Novocherkassk, Aksai and the village of Chaltyr, the main technical and technological solutions for soil consolidation are considered, depending on the engineering and geological conditions of the construction sites

Keywords: cementation, injector, soil, consolidation, foundation, soil piles, retaining walls, sediment, subsidence, deformation

The article describes the study of fine dust at the stage of packing and packaging of particulate material. Attention is given to fine particles, which is PM10 and PM 2.5, that have a negative impact on human health in the process of packaging chemicals.The object of the study is the sodium salt of naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid, which is the starting crude in the chemical industry and organic synthesis.As a result of the sedimentation analysis, the sizes of the particles deposited in the experimental setup were determined and, based on the data obtained, the particle size of dust was formulated depending on the settling time.The results obtained are used in the engineering of aspiration systems in industrial plants.

Keywords: fine particles, chemical dust, sedimentometry, PM10, PM2.5, particle size distribution, naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid sodium salt

The article deals with the problems of using structural systems with outriggers for high-rise buildings. The analysis of various designs is carried out, the features of their work are specified, the advantages and disadvantages are identified, the areas of their application.

Keywords: high-rise building, structural system, outrigger, skyscraper, column, core of rigidity, strength, reliability, horizontal load, aerodynamics

The article considers the use of renewable energy sources in construction in general and in high-rise unique buildings. Such an approach will allow to design and build buildings in which integrated renewable energy sources can be harmoniously entered into all aspects of construction. This is especially true for high-rise buildings. With the implementation of energy-efficient technologies, the main drawback - high energy consumption - will be cut off. The article analyzes non-traditional sources of energy, such as wind, solar, land, water and biomass. The relevance of their application in construction and influence on all aspects of the project is proved: town-planning, functional, space-planning, architectural and artistic, constructive and engineering.

Keywords: renewable energy source, high-rise building, bioenergy, solar energy, wind energy, aerodynamics, energy-efficient technology, architectural and artistic appearance, planning solution, optimal shape of the building.aerodynamics

The article presents calculation of the cost of overlappings from LSTK and wooden ones. The floors of the two-storey house with a span and overlap with a span of 12 m were calculated. Calculation of the cost of materials is presented for each option. In conclusion, conclusions were drawn on the rational use of material types for each of the calculated spans.

Keywords: light steel thin-walled structures, LSTK ceiling, wooden flooring, reduced characteristics, effective cross-section, construction

The possibility of revealing the main defects that arise when strengthening reinforced concrete structures by external reinforcement systems based on carbon fibers is considered. The efficiency of active and passive methods of thermography is compared, and the possibility of using the passive method at negative ambient temperatures is considered. Under laboratory conditions, ferroconcrete samples with defects in the form of air bubbles and glue were made and a comparison of the mapping of these defects on thermograms was made.

Keywords: composite materials, reinforcement, external reinforcement systems, infrared thermography, defect, work quality assessment, technical condition assessment, span structures, bridge supports