Convective drying is the most common method of dryingthat may be intensified by the treatment of root crops and vegetables in an electrostatic field. According to the results of the experiments was to determine the optimum treatment time 3-3.5 hours at 55 C, with tension in the range of 20-40 kW / m. Under the influence of the electrostatic processing of hygroscopic moisture removal rate is accelerated. Organoleptic performance compared with conventional convection drying are not changed.

Keywords: electrostatic field processing and drying horticultural crops, loss of moisture, unit of drying with the electrostatic processing, carrot, onion, beetroot

The implementation of electrochemical research is needed to identify the nature and magnitude of the impact of the main technological factors on the processes taking place during anodic etching of grey cast iron in the electrolyte on the basis of sulphate of zinc. The main technological factors that affect electrochemical processes occurring, is the temperature and acidity of the electrolyte, the concentration of the basic salt of zinc in the electrolyte and other components, the speed of flow of the electrolyte in the cathode space, the cathodic and anodic current density, rotation speed of the electrode, modes of mechanical activation. Electrochemical studies were carried out in three modes: potentiometric, potentiostatic and galvanostatic. Resulting in the obtained polarization curves for all three modes. To identify the degree of influence on the growth of the limiting cathode current density of mechanical activation of the cathode surface was carried out electrochemical studies, which were obtained cathode potentiometric curves. These studies took place with anode under similar research conditions in the same laboratory setting. The main difference cathodic electrochemical studies was that mechanical activation of the rotating electrode was carried out by introducing into the electrochemical cell of the lever, with a fixed abrasive material, pressing it against the surface of the test electrode. Thus, this electrode has already played the role of the cathode. Conducting electrochemical studies of the behavior of iron in sulfuric acid electrolyte galvanizing by etching, mechanical activation of the cathode surface and deposition of the electroplated layer, allowed us to obtain sufficient experimental data to identify rational modes of electrolysis at all stages.

Keywords: technological factor, electrochemical studies, polarization curves, electrochemical cell, electrode potentiostat

Carrying out anode etching of details directly in working electrolyte of galvanizing will allow to reduce significantly time for preliminary preparation of the restored surface for sedimentation and to increase stability of results on ensuring quality of a covering. Anode etching represents electrochemical processing during which there is a removal of oxidic films, dissolution defective superficial a metal layer, revealing its structure. Thus on an anode surface the slime consisting of etching products is formed and ions of bivalent iron get to electrolyte. At achievement of a certain (critical) value of density of anode current the process of passivating of a surface, that is a surface covering a passive film which is followed by sharp increase of tension and decrease in current begins. There is a rough allocation of the small vials of oxygen clearing slime from an anode surface. The mechanism of anode etching of surfaces of the restored details of cars in sulfate electrolyte of galvanizing is similar to etching in the electrolytes containing sulfate ions that is as a result of process of formation of an oxidic film and parallel electrochemical dissolution by its anions. Quality of electroplated coatings of the restored details of cars zinc is provided with anode etching on necessary depth before emergence of steady passivation and the subsequent covering of a surface a continuous passive film. The mechanism of passivation of a surface of the anode in the electrolytes containing sulfate ions can be described by two theoretical models: 1) passivation is caused by protection of a surface an oxide layer of metal; 2) passivation is caused by special nature of adsorption of ions of oxygen. At achievement of anode density of current of a certain (critical) value, and change of active dissolution of a surface by the steady passivation which is followed by formation of a monomolecular passive film happens an electrode of a certain value of potential.

Keywords: anode etching, passive film, current density, adsorption, passivating, potential