The article gives an insight into the traditional passive cooling techniques utilized in Mediterranean and hot climate regions, showcasing the effectiveness of natural ventilation and central patios in improving indoor thermal comfort and reducing energy consumption. The integration of these traditional design elements with modern technologies is crucial for creating environmentally friendly and culturally significant architectural solutions for the future. The discussion then transitions to the importance of energy efficiency and environmental sustainability in modern building design, highlighting the use of Ansys Fluent software for modeling natural ventilation in a residential apartment in Yemen. The article emphasizes the need for engineering and architectural solutions to achieve high performance in energy efficiency and environmental safety in contemporary construction practices.

Keywords: natural ventilation, Yemeni houses, Spalart-Allmaras model, civil engineering, Ansys Fluent

The drilling and blasting method is currently the most widely used for mining rocks. An indicator of the high–quality drilling and blasting operations is the uniform granulometric composition of the exploded rock mass - the percentage of oversized ore pieces should be minimal. The percentage of oversized and its increase have a significant impact on the technical processes of transporting rock mass, leading to an increase in the costs of loading and transportation operations and secondary crushing of oversized ore masses. The paper describes the results of a study of methods for determining the granulometric composition of drilling and blasting operations using neural networks of segmentation Unet and FPN. Images taken from UAVs are used for analysis. A method of classifying ore by size has also been developed, which ensures the accuracy of the proportion of correct answers of more than 0.91. The expected result of the introduction of the system for automatic determination of the granulometric composition of drilling and blasting operations is the possibility of more accurate control over the quality of their performance.

Keywords: granulometric composition, Unet, FPN, classification, segmentation

In order to negate the loss of strength, that can lead to collapse of constructions, we should take measures to prevent cracking. Every crack emersion in reinforced concrete indicates that the accumulated stress has been released in this area of the structure. The cause of cracks are internal tensile stresses that can occur due to internal processes in the element and from external loads on the structure. It is possible to eliminate cracks that have already appeared with the help of repair compounds that fill the volume of cracks in various ways. Injection, as one of the solutions, will help to maintain the strength and durability of the structure.

Keywords: cracking, concrete, reinforced concrete slab, crack, defect, deformation, strength, soil, repair compound, foundation, foundation slab, injection

This article discusses the possibility of changing the formulation of an anti-icing mixture directly in a combined road machine, by integrating data from road weather stations and modernizing a universal spreader. To quickly change the recipe of the distributed mixture, using the example of a sand-salt mixture, it is proposed to use a two-hopper universal spreader with an automated control system. The recipe for the distributed anti-icing mixture is calculated depending on weather conditions. An example of LabVIEW software is given to solve the local problem of finding a current weather station.

Keywords: automation, road machine, universal spreader, de-icing materials, composition selection, control system

Methods for calculating technological and functional tolerances in the manufacture and installation of steel structures are described. An experimental installation of the structure was carried out to make it possible to clarify the tolerances, and the foundations of the methodology for assessing the qualitative and quantitative manufacturability of assembly elements were put forward to simplify the processes of manufacturing and assembling the structure.

Keywords: methods for calculating tolerances, installation of a structure, manufacturing of structures, manufacturability, complex indicator of manufacturability

With the development of technology, access systems with higher accuracy and levels of reliability have emerged. Access systems are a fascinating and important area of expertise, requiring knowledge from a wide range of disciplines such as information security, electronics, programming and systems administration. Therefore, its further development requires highly qualified specialists. In this regard, to involve the younger generation, educational programs and courses aimed at training and intellectual development of adolescents are appearing. To practically reinforce the acquired knowledge, various educational kits and open-source laboratory stands are used, on which students can try their hand and implement ideas. This project has prospects for further development for work not only in terrestrial laboratories, but also at orbital stations - this aspect is especially interesting for young explorers of the Universe. The goal of the work is to create a safe and convenient access system for users, providing a high level of security and ease of use.

Keywords: research, experiment, payload, space, remote control, self-determination, career guidance

This research paper presents a project to create a device for complex measurement of atmospheric parameters affecting the operation of a solar cell, based on the Arduino microcontroller. The purpose of the study is to develop a device capable of measuring illumination, temperature, humidity and wind speed to assess their impact on the efficiency of solar panels. The research paper describes the necessary components for assembling the device, such as a BH1750 light sensor, a DHT22 temperature and humidity sensor, a Grove anemometer and an LCD display. A diagram of how to connect the components to the Arduino Uno microcontroller is provided, as well as an example of software code for collecting and displaying data. The results of the study include an analysis of the collected data to calculate the efficiency of the solar cell under various atmospheric conditions. Methods for correcting the data taking into account temperature changes and the cooling effect of the wind are considered. In conclusion, the possibilities for further improvement of the device are discussed, including anemometer calibration, integration with Internet services for remote monitoring, and adding a data storage function. The developed device can be used to optimize the operation of solar panels, as well as in research and educational projects aimed at studying the influence of external factors on the performance of solar cells.

Keywords: arduino, solar cell, atmospheric measurement, atmospheric measurement device, solar radiation energy, atmospheric parameters sensors, automated measurement, meteorological data, renewable energy, solar radiation data

The stages of pre-project and design preparation are fundamental for the further implementation of the investment and construction project. The success of construction and commissioning of facilities depends on the successful completion of these stages. The duration of the stages depends on the competence and consistency of interaction between the participants in the investment and construction project, the rationality of decision-making by the technical customer (developer) and a number of other factors. Identifying factors and finding options for rational planning of the stages of pre-project and design preparation is very relevant. As part of the study, a formula was derived for determining the duration of the stages of pre-design and design preparation of objects for construction, taking into account the influence of negative factors. The results of the study are used in planning the stages of pre-design and design preparation of a facility for construction.

Keywords: factors, stages of pre-project and design preparation of objects for construction, duration of procedures

This article presents the results of a study of the filtration flow in a porous material based on a thrice periodic minimum surface (TPMP) Neovius. The Brinkman model was used to determine the profile of the fluid flow velocity in the channel containing the TPMP insert. Based on computational experiments in ANSYS Fluent, the dependence of the permeability of the medium on its porosity is determined. The results of the study can be used to describe filtration processes in the oil and gas industry, hydrogeology and other fields related to filtration flows in rocks and other media.

Keywords: permeability, filtration, porous medium, minimum surface, TPMP, ANSYS, Brinkman model, numerical modeling, boundary value problem, velocity profile

The paper considers a mathematical model of a Darye wind turbine with three blades. The operating mode of the fast rotation of the wind turbine has been obtained. It is called autorotation mode. An assessment of the speed of the wind turbine in this mode was obtained, an assessment of the power and geometric dimensions of the structure under consideration was carried out. Programs have been written in the matlab system and numerical calculation results have been obtained. The efficiency of Darye wind turbines with a different number of blades is compared and it is shown that in practice it is best to use three blades.

Keywords: body, planning mode, stability, geometric dimensions

This article is devoted to the analysis of the application of the software and hardware complex of mixed reality and augmented reality ""BRIO MRS"" to explore the possibility of digitalization of the construction control process within the framework of JSC CITY - XXI Century. The article also discusses the specific application of mixed reality, which consists in checking the progress of work on the construction of a real building and its compliance with the designed digital information model using a hardware and software complex for augmented and mixed reality. The complex described in this article was actually used and is being used at the construction site. The paper describes the procedure for using a hardware and software complex to verify the compliance of the progress of construction work and the digital information model. The principle of operation of the complex, as well as the prospects that were discovered during the implementation of the experience of using a mixed and augmented reality system, are the subject of further research. In conclusion, based on the conducted research, it turns out what tasks the complex described in the article allows to solve, what advantages it has over analogues and what advantages its introduction into the activities of a modern development company will bring.

Keywords: mixed reality, augmented reality, digitalization, digital information model, modern standards, hardware and software complex, construction control

The process of creating an aggregated digital twin for a physical prototype of a manipulator with a load-gripping mechanism is considered. To solve the problem of controlling the system nodes, the freely distributed software platform Robot Operating System (ROS) was used, in particular, the MoveIt packages for manipulator control, OpenCV for computer vision and RViz for visualization. A description of the physical prototype and the stages of creating a model of the robotic complex in the form of URDF files is given. The developed system creates a level of abstraction between hardware and software, which allows exploring new technological solutions in the field of automation of processes of transport and cargo systems.

Keywords: machine vision, robotics, digital twin, control system, manipulator, ROS

The article discusses the issues related to the solution of an actual problem – the recycling of accumulations of plastic waste in the ocean. It is proposed to organize the plastic recycling process directly in the ocean on recycling vessels. At the same time, the products of mechanical processing and pyrolysis can be used to support the construction, road construction, and electric power industries of coastal developing countries in Africa and Latin America, near which the largest amount of plastic waste is concentrated. It is proposed to use both systems with artificial intelligence trained to recognize and identify plastic by shape, and systems based on spectral analysis of the composition of plastic for sorting and identification.

Keywords: plastic waste, microplastics, plastic recycling in the ocean, recycling vessel, plastic type recognition, use of recycled plastic

Ensuring the reliability and safety of load-bearing structures, buildings and structures is the most important task. The reliability or safety of a structural system is inextricably linked with the elements of this system that provide strength and spatial stability. The importance of each load-bearing element in the building system in ensuring overall mechanical safety is assessed differently. For multi-storey frame buildings, load-bearing elements, for example, columns of the lower floors, if they fail, can lead to a significantly greater volume of destruction compared to the structures of the upper floors. The article provides a methodology for determining criteria by which the level of responsibility of columns can be established depending on their location in the building plan, developed on the basis of numerical studies. As a result, a classification was compiled according to the level of responsibility of the columns of a monolithic multi-story frame building.

Keywords: limit state method, special limit state, emergency design situation, responsibility of load-bearing elements, reinforced concrete columns

The article considers the issue of taking into account the emotional preferences of customers in the process of compiling a comprehensive service to increase customer satisfaction. The problem of forming an optimal set of services is solved, taking into account the emotional preferences of the client and the economic constraints in the form of the client's budget. Modifications to the method of branches and boundaries are proposed, reducing the number of calculations. An algorithm for solving the problem is developed and the results of a numerical experiment are presented, showing that the developed algorithm has basically a linear increase in execution time depending on the number of services. The advantage of this method is a significant reduction in operating time, as opposed to a complete search, as well as ease of implementation.

Keywords: formation of an optimal set of services, consideration of emotional preferences, the method of branches and boundaries